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The worshipper must recite the takbīrat al-iḥrām (the commencing takbīr of a canonic prayer), Sūrat al-Ḥamd, the second sūrah, and the formulas and prayers in a canonic prayer loud enough that they are audible to himself. If he is affected with auditory impairment or if there are loud surrounding noises impeding his hearing, the loudness of his voice must be such that he would hear himself had there not been such an obstacle.